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It is the Layer 2 protocol which is only used in the cisco routers and switches. The CDP is known as cisco discovery protocol.As the name indicated discovery protocol this protocol is used to find the neighbour cisco devices.
This CDP information will be send to the entire network by using the layer 2 multicast and in this we can set the time period for the hold on timer and intervals if we don’t specify the time period the default time will be set.The default time for the CDP message interval is 60 seconds and hold on timer will be 180 seconds.This protocol is very useful to find the down link in the network by this the Route poisoning will be avoided.Lets consider an example the CDP information; will be send to the neighbour devices if the information will be received then the devices are connected in the network and the routing table will be updated if not it states that the devices are down so the routing table is updated as the link is down.

This can enabled and disabled by using the command. By default the CDP will be enabled if we want to disable that we can execute the commad.The CDP information we can viewed by the following command.
Command :




   The interval timer and holdon timer can be set by using the following command
.Command:
  Router_2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.
End with CNTL/Z.
Router_2(config)#cdp timer 90
Router_2(config)#cdp holdtime 360

Though there are many security threats in enabling the CDP for this we can disable the CDP.Because the man in middle attack and the DOS attack can be occurred easily by using this protocol.For example if a hacker is in the network he can easily found the devices and componenets in the network and he can gain access and it may causes severe security threat.Because in the CDP protocol table it includes the interface number and device ID and holdon time and port ID. It can be disabled by using the following command.

Command:

Router_2#no cdp

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This is introduced when one or more network is grouped together to form a larger network (or) two networks communicates or shares the data’s with each other then the term networking comes in. The network can be classified according to the size and specifications. The network within the site is Local Area Network (LAN) or if the network connects two different locations are called Wide area network (WAN).

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Special Features of Windows server 2008
I am really excited to write this topic because, I am fond of computers,servers and this makes to learn windows server 2008 and to write this topic.Windows server 2008 is the one of the best operating system that Microsoft ever
released and this OS include many features although its having many since it's market
is no good.
Let me shoot out some of them by this it can be famous in future.This includes

Core Server compatibility

This is the server mode by which you can operate your server in command mode.
Only thing is you should be good in commands

Windows Virtualization

IN older version of Microsoft for virtualization we have to go for the third party
vendors like Vmware or citrix but in windows 2008 there is a inbuilt package for
virtualization named as Hyperv.

Rich enabled Terminal services

Windows 2008 includes the richer terminal services by this you can make the parallel
session but in 2003 you have to purchase the license for each session but in 2008
basically you can have 4 parallel sessions.

WHEA- (windows hardware error architecture)

It is one of the best feature by this the hardware error can be reported by using
the single interface and with output of that interface we can detect the problems.

Power shell

This feature is for the user who is master in scripting by this you can develop the
features by kernel level coding. This feature is similar as shell scripting in Linux.

And not only the above listed features in server 2008 and also it contains more
features like remote desktop administration and this makes the administrator more
comfortable in administration. Now Microsoft has released Windows server 2008 R2 it
is more reliable than earlier version 2008 and these versions of server are
compactable with IPV6 ip address.

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A VLAN is a grouping of computers that is logically segmented by functions, project teams, or applications without regard to the physical location of users.To create the segements by VLAN the each switch port is to assigned to the VLAN.In this VLAN the port wil be share the traffic within the same broadcast domain.This segmentation wil used to increse the permormance and security.VLANs provide an effective mechanism to control these changes and reduce much of the cost of hub and router reconfiguration. If a group of VLAN users move but remain in the same VLAN connected to a switch port, their network addresses do not change. Router configuration is left intact; a simple move for a user from one location to another does not create any configuration changes in the router if the user stays in the same VLAN.Similar to routers, VLANs offer an effective mechanism for setting up firewalls in a switch fabric, protecting the network against broadcast problems that are potentially dangerous, and maintaining all the performance benefits of switching.